Trading Partner Portal: Brazil
Overview
Modifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil
The White House, November 20, 2025
California and Brazil ink new climate partnership to cut pollution, protect public health, strengthen economy
Governor of California, September 23, 2025
Trade Overview
Brazil is one of the 5th largest countries in the world, with its geographical size almost as large as the U.S., it is the largest country in South America. It has the largest swath of the Amazon River basin and has inland boarders with all other South American countries except Chile and Ecuador.
It boasts a population of 212.5 million people and a nominal GDP of $2.19 trillion, making it one of the strongest economies in South America, with leading sectors being agriculture, manufacturing, and mining. The U.S. and Brazil have multiple initiatives to engage in trade, one being the 2011 Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation, which expands direct trade between the two countries. This was also updated under the Trump administration on October 19, 2020. São Paulo is currently the country’s top financial sector, and the primary city for international business. U.S. Trade Representative
U.S – Brazil Trade
In 2025 two-way trade between the U.S. and Brazil was $94.32 billion, with total exports trade of $54.38 billion in exports to Brazil. Top exports were transportation equipment ($12.40 billion), chemicals ($12.27 billion), petroleum & coal products ($7.62 billion), computer & electronic products ($5.59 billion), and non-electrical machinery ($4.22 billion).
U.S. imports to Brazil totaled $39.94 billion in 2025. Top imports being primary metals manufactures ($6.05 billion), oil and gas ($5.13 billion), processed foods ($4.88 billion), goods returned ($3.31 billion), and transportation equipment ($2.78 billion).
Total services trade between the U.S. and Brazil in 2025 was $40.51 billion, with exports totaling $33.28 billion. Top services exported from the U.S. to Brazil were travel, charges for intellectual property use, other business services, telecommunications, computer, & information services, and transport services.
Imported services from Brazil to the U.S. totaled $7.23 billion, with top imports being other business services, transport services, travel, telecommunications, computer, & information services, and financial services.
California – Brazil Trade
Brazil is ranked 25th in California’s top trading partners with exports from California totaling $1.85 billion. Top exports were computer and electronic products ($656 million), chemicals ($330 million), transportation equipment ($250 million), non-electrical machinery ($115 million), and fabricated metal products ($93 million).
Imports from Brazil to California totaled $5.76 billion in 2025, a 20% decline compared to 2024. Top imports were, oil and gas ($3.84 billion), processed foods ($531 million), primary metals manufactures ($424 million), agricultural products ($211 million), and goods returned ($156 million).
FDI – Brazil
Brazil FDI stock in the U.S. totals $37.9 billion, as of 2024. Brazilian FDI is supports 104,700 U.S. jobs and has worked to expand U.S. exports an estimated $7.8 billion. Likewise, FDI into Brazil from the U.S. totaled $87.96 billion, making the U.S. the largest foreign investor in Brazil. Top industries include software & IT services, financial services, food & beverages, business services, chemicals, and communications.
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Trade Agreements
Trade Agreements and Issues
Brazil is a part of the MERCOSUR customs union which unites many Latin American countries to have an easier flow of goods through reduced tariffs or free trade agreements. Brazil currently has free trade agreements with Bolivia, Colombia, Egypt, Peru, Chile, and Israel through MERCOSUR. It also has framework agreements with Mexico and Morocco through this customs union.
The EU and Brazil are currently negotiating a free trade agreement under the EU’S Association Agreement negotiations. This is incredibly significant because Brazil and the EU have very close economic ties, with the EU being Brazil’s second largest economic partner and Brazil the EU’s eleventh. European Commission
The U.S. and Brazil also have close economic ties, with both countries signing the 2011 Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation, which strengthens the trading relationship by allowing a framework to work on a variety of issues like innovation and trade barriers.
It is important to note that doing business in Brazil can be costly as it has strict labor laws, and its tax system is complicated to outside firms. However, Brazil has been moving forward to reforms to make it easier to do business in Brazil, such as aligning its tax system with its international partners.
Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation
In the Fall of 2020, the U.S. and Brazil reached an agreement on an update to the 2011 Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation (ATEC). President Trump and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro had directed the two countries to work towards an agreement in March of 2020. The new agreement included a protocol on trade regulations and transparency. This included three new annexes: customs administration and trade facilitation to reduce bureaucracy in foreign trade; good regulatory practices for the convergence of rules; and anti-corruption measures. (Brazil-U.S. Business Council, U.S. Chamber)
The negotiations also established two new economic partnerships. The first is a memorandum of understanding between the Brazilian Ministry of Economy and the Export–Import Bank of the United States (EXIM), and the second is involves the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC), which announced a commitment to invest USD 425 million in two projects in Brazil. (Brazil-U.S. Business Council, U.S. Chamber)
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